Discussions > History and Magic of Reading

First, thanks for picking this first subject. I've got a few thoughts to share, and a couple of questions to get the discussion going.

I'm curious to hear what people thought of the documentary, Empire of the Word (all episodes are available on the TVO website). What impressed me, for instance, is how broadly it covered the historical roots of reading and writing. I learned some things (I didn't know that the first writers in the world were accountants!) and was moved by others (the traumatic scene of the curators in the looted museum in Baghdad, the biblioburro), as discussed in class. (I also liked the choice of music).

So I'll start with two thoughts and a bunch of related questions, one on the history side and one on the magic.

1) History: The architect of the new library in Alexandria, Egypt, commented that "if writing is the beginning of history, libraries are the beginning of civilization." Are we losing libraries, and if so, is it the end of civilization? How often do you physically go to the library? How often did you go as a child? How important is it for society to have a public library system?

2) Magic: I think I actually remember the moment I figured out that I knew how to read. I must have been 5 or so.. I was watching something on TV (ironic, but true). At the end of whatever it was (that I do not remember!), a quill pen scrawled The End across the dark screen. I had seen this animated ending many times, but hadn't registered that the image was a pen writing words, and now I understood them, and this must mean I could read. It was a moment.

Do you remember first learning to read?

After I graduated from university, my first job was in the acquisitions library of the Toronto Board of Education. This was a huge library of primarily children's books, and one of my jobs was to place new pockets at the back of books for the lending cards (this was the year 1802, of course). For weeks, I sat amidst the stacks doing this mechanical job. Every so often, I would pick up a book and have a visceral sense of familiarity. These were books I had read as a young child but had totally forgotten about. Each book brought back strong floods of memory. One was Harold and the Purple Crayon, another was a book of black and white photos of Japanese girls going through their day (and I remembered having been fascinated by their clothing, food, beds, bath routines as a child). Three Little Horses Have a Holiday - this long, tall, thin, book of the horses going on an adventure in a hot-air balloon. On it went.
I realized for the first time what a strong relationship we form with the books we read and enjoy, and particularly when we are children. The bonding isn't just an intellectual thing; it's very tactile, you remember how the books felt and smelled and where you read them.

So I'm curious: are there books from your childhood that you recall in this way? That you really bonded with strongly and read over and over again?

There is some magic in that thing that happens when we read, especially as children.

January 28, 2010 | Registered CommenterMoira Farr

I used to go to the library every summer when I was about 15 until the age of 17. I would read book after book. As a child I also visited the library often. My grandmother on my father's side never had much money so we'd often go to the library and pick up some books to read. She would either read the stories to my brother and I, or we'd read them ourselves (though, admittedly, we loved it when she read to us so we'd often ask her to).

I don't go to libraries that often anymore and I think that the amount of people who do go has dramatically decreased over the years. I don't think, however, that this will necessarily mean the end of civilization. People still love reading books and continue to buy them at places like Chapters and other bookstores.

Libraries are also essential for students, which is another reason why I think that they will still be around. Students use them for projects and for renting out textbooks. I think this is an important point to keep in mind, even with the increase of online material available.

January 28, 2010 | Registered CommenterKyra Belanger-theil

I had made note of the curator in Alexandria's quote as well because I thought it was a pretty powerful statement. I think he might possibly be right. Then again, someone might argue that the first time we needed to ask our neighbours for help was the beginning of civilization. Once we have to cooperate to achieve an end or some sort of mutual benefit, isn't that civilization? Who knows?

I think the invention of libraries was a light in the darkness for a lot of people though. People were born, lived their entire lives and died within the same ten kilometres. They were farmers because their parents were farmers. They made wool or cheese because that knowledge was handed down to them. They have vast collections of working knowledge from apprenticing and oral history, but no way to pass on that knowledge to future generations if they were dying. Whole wonderful techniques, groundbreaking hearth discoveries and remedies were lost because no one could write them down.

With a public place for people to come and read, literacy spread out of the monestaries and into the populace which was a wonderful and scary thing. I'm sure plenty of people regretted it but it's been for the betterment of all, no doubt about that. Ignorance is bliss, but knowledge is comfortable.

I don't actually remember the moment that I realized I could read. I remember going over the easy words in Mrs. Walkers first grade class and then the next memory of books is chewing through a young adult novel a day by the end of second grade, and sometimes some of my father's crime novels as well.

I remember that it was tradition for my father to read to me at night. We had a favourite book and I'm so sad that I can't remember it's name or author. It was about a baby puffin that got seperated from the rock that his parents were on and ended up going on an adventure to find his way back, not making it back there until he was grown up. It had the most beautiful water colour illustrations. If I could ever locate that book, my dad would love a copy.

January 28, 2010 | Registered CommenterKristen Nelson

I go to the library very rarely now. I went a lot as a child, whether it was the school library or the public one, but now that I am older I prefer to research and purchase my books rather than borrow them. I like having them available for an unlimited span of time, and I like always being able to return to them whenever I want - without having to go through the hassle of venturing to the library. Although few people I know still use libraries, I doubt that civilization will spontaneously "end" if libraries were to disappear. They are only one element in a wide range of things that turn the gears of civilization. I think it is a good idea to maintain libraries for the time that they are used... or where they are used most frequently, like in schools.

I don't remember first learning to read, because I've been read to since I was very little. I remember trying to write a book when I was 4 or 5, though - so I must have had some skill at that point, even if I had to ask my grandparents how to spell every other word.

I do remember the first book I took out of a library, though - it was a fact book about sharks. Then I started collecting them, actually purchasing shark books, and now my collection has mysteriously disappeared. I want it back, though... I miss it. I was a little bit of a fact-hunter when I was a kid, but I still adored fiction, particularly fantasy.

January 28, 2010 | Registered CommenterKrystal Roy

I think you make a good point Kristen. Libraries are important places that hold a wonderful collection of books. They would also be important because they are so easily accessible. For those with little money, the library would have been a good place to go. There they could read as many books as they wanted for free. This is another reason why I think that libraries are still important today.

Also, I think that scholars, historians, and researchers would be the most affected by the disappearance of libraries (other than students, of course). If the great university libraries or other libraries like the one in Ireland and Alexandria that was featured in The Empire of the Word were to suddenly disappear, then I could see it being a major impact. I don't, however, see that happening in the near future. Libraries that contain historical literature are more likely to survive than our public libraries. The historical documents archived within them are reason enough to keep them, in my opinion.

January 29, 2010 | Registered CommenterKyra Belanger-theil

Kristen, I wonder if the book you remember is Puffin's Homecoming? I found that title doing a quick Google search.
You remind me of another book that had a deep effect on me as a child: The Island of the Blue Dolphins, by Scott O'Dell, about a young girl who gets left behind when her tribe is forced to leave their island (I'm hazy on why but had to do with white people), and survives alone for 18 years. Based on a true story. She really bonds with the animals of the island.

I agree, Kyra, that libraries should be public and free to everyone. A later episode of the documentary shows how libraries are changing (eg. archiving digital material like Facebook, website pages, email) with technology.

And Krystal is right, I think, that there will always be a need for a place to house historical documents. Put this on your life's "to do" list: a visit to the British Library in London, where you can view such things as Jane Austen's original manuscript for Emma, and the napkin on which the Beatles scrawled the lyrics to one of their songs. Illuminated manuscripts, an original Gutenburg Bible, etc.

On a different element of the doc: A. J. Jacobs decided to take the bible literally for a year. What did you think he accomplished by this (besides getting to stone a magazine image of Charlie Sheen?). For one thing, he gets at the idea of literalism v. metaphor and interpretation, which of course is central to all the religious controversies and outright wars of many thousands of years.

January 29, 2010 | Registered CommenterMoira Farr

I think that A.J. Jacobs did something that most people wouldn't be willing to do. He had to go through outrageous things like sitting in a seat that a menstruating woman hadn't sat on. Just being able to complete these tasks seems like a great accomplishment to me.

The fact that some of the things he has to do are so outrageous goes to show that sometimes things shouldn't be taken too literally. When it comes to a religious text, like the Bible, people must realize that the message is really underneath all of the stories and they must interpret it the way they see fit. This is another thing that A.J. Jacobs accomplished in conducting an experiment like this.

January 29, 2010 | Registered CommenterKyra Belanger-theil

It's comforting knowing that most books I'll ever have the desire to read are sitting safely in one library or another. I can't imagine what it would be like without that comfort. I like knowing where to go to find out absolutely anything.

I visit the library near my house once every couple of months. This habit has changed very little from when I was young. I also remember the library coming to me when I was a kid - in the form of the book mobile. Did anyone else have the book mobile come to their elementary school?

As for learning how to read, I'm still astonished I ever did. We were all lucky enough to learn this skill when we were young while it was relatively innate. I remember trying to learn Spanish in grade 11 and I certainly would have needed more than a few months to grasp the language strongly enough to be able to read an actual book. I wish I had memories of learning how to read English.

As for children's books, my family and I were actually discussing our favourites at the dinner table tonight and up until that point I had forgotten about one, "Big Sarah's Little Boots" - or something like that. Reading Robert Munsch will always give me fond memories. I could read his books every day (even as a 20-year-old). My favourite was Purple, Green and Yellow.

Moira - I couldn't remember the title of the Robert Munsch book so I visited the website, he has a book called Moira's birthday!

January 29, 2010 | Registered CommenterCarly Askin

I know about the Munsch book - you wouldn't believe the number of people who have given it to me for my birthday - I think I have at least six copies!

Carly brings up a good point about the difference between learning your native language as a child and trying to learn one as an adult. Bringing that point back to the documentary, it was the desire to give access to the Bible that fueled the revolution to have it translated into "the vernacular," that is, whatever common language people spoke and eventually, read. Language, who can speak or read it, has always been intertwined with politics and power (which is why it's seen as threatening and leads to traumatic occurrences like book burnings, library looting, etc.)

January 30, 2010 | Registered CommenterMoira Farr

Alberto Manguel, the bookstore owner in the documentary, said that reading is an intimate act, and that people who read are free to interpret the world for themselves. During the Reformation, Martin Luther challenged the Roman Church's interpretation of the bible and encouraged Christians to read the bible for themselves. The teacher who brought books to children in the jungle believed that we all have the power within ourselves to decided what stays in our minds and what goes. He is committed to the children's right to read the world through their own eyes. I love the they way the documentary emphasises the freedom that can come with literacy.

February 2, 2010 | Registered CommenterSandra Merriam

Well I guess I should start off by giving my answer to your questions Moira...

History: I think it's a shame that books are on the downward spiral of popularity these days. Still i know many people out there and in this class who keep the spirit of the novel alive and won't let it die. They, in turn will probably pass down this love for literature, so I don't thinks that books will ever become truly extinct. Another theory that I have is that movies are becoming the "new" book. Some of you will probably argue, "Hey Josh, nothing beats sitting down in a comfy chair with a good book." I'd agree with you, thats pretty awesome. But sometimes i'd rather get cozy on the couch and watch The Talented Mr. Ripley. Much like books there are movies out there that are just works of art.

Magic: I have no clue what the first book I read was, but i aware of that little obsession feeling you get when you get into a book. I never go to the library but I frequent Chapters. Ever since I was a wee lad, my mom and dad kept a book in my hands. First in french, then when I was switched into an english school they would be english. The weirdest thing was how quickly I forgot all of my french when I started on english. I still have my favourite books that I love to go back and read as I continue to build my collection.

I must say my favourite part in the video was watching the man who made a portable library on his mule and would teach those poor kids how to read. It really warms your heart to hear of stories like that. I also agree with Kyra, what A.J. Jacobs did for that year was pretty amazing and I don't know many people (if anyone) who would go through that. It was also pretty funny to watch him throw rocks at old Charlie.

February 2, 2010 | Registered CommenterJoshua Bernier-Taylor

It's certainly true about films, Josh, and I'd say many HBO-quality television too. Of course, you need writers to fuel these art forms (and many are based on novels).

The "biblioburro" was certainly among my favorite revelations of the documentary as well.

The serious side of Jacobs' journey was of course to show, through humour, how absurd and oppressive literalism can be. How sad if we forgot about metaphor and poetry, or stamped out freedom of interpretation. Yet many on this planet seek to do so.

February 3, 2010 | Registered CommenterMoira Farr

The "biblioburro" was quite fascinating, I thought. It was so kind for him to ride out to remote towns so often just to lend his books to the children. I was amazed to see just how eager the children were, too - I have a younger brother (he's still in elementary school) and you don't see kids this excited about books or reading here in Canada; at least not very often.

I remember when I was younger reading was the "cool" thing to do. Everyone did it, everyone wanted to, and the longer the story the better. I've noticed a lot of parents fighting just to get their grade 4 children to read a picture book. The children can do it, they just won't. And the schools don't seem nearly as encouraging, either.

When I went to the same school as my brother, there was a program for the grade 6 children to help teach the junior kindergarteners how to read. Myself and several friends volunteered. That program no longer exists at the school. Another issue - my cousin, also in sixth grade, has developed atrocious spelling. When my aunt confronted his teacher about it, she said: "It's not my job to correct his spelling." What is the world coming to? Is literacy actually dropping? I'm wondering if this isn't because the books children are "forced" to read in class are no longer relevant or relatable for them.

February 3, 2010 | Registered CommenterKrystal Roy

I also thought that the "biblioburro" was fascinating. It was amazing to see how enthusiastic the children were about reading. It made me think about how much we take reading for granted. I know a lot of people who really do not enjoy reading, and, yet, it is essential for us to go about our daily lives. That is why I found the "biblioburro" so, for lack of a better word, refreshing.

Stopping the freedom of interpretation would indeed be unfortunate. I don't like people who try to impose their views on other people, claiming that their way is the only way to correctly interpret something.The same goes for those who take things too literally. Being able to have our own opinions and interpretations about anything is important. Without those abilities, we could hardly call ourselves individuals.

February 3, 2010 | Registered CommenterKyra Belanger-theil

It really shows you how lucky we are to live in Canada, a country where we can read books. In fact books are so overwhelmingly easy to get a hold of and have been surpassed by technology so that they are now being overlooked.

February 4, 2010 | Registered CommenterJoshua Bernier-Taylor

We are lucky to be able to read books, and to have so many books available to us as well. Unfortunately, I have to agree with Kyra - we definitely take our literacy skills for granted.

February 4, 2010 | Registered CommenterKrystal Roy

Yes, it's true about our ability to take literacy for granted - though as the second episode illustrated, many people in Canada cannot in fact read well enough to fully participate in society. That's really so sad, disturbing even.

A quick note: Alberto Manguel is a writer and book lover, but not a bookstore owner. That is his library in France where he is depicted poring over his many tomes. He wrote a book a few years ago entitled The History of Reading, and I believe the documentary arose from that. He's an interesting person - I have met him as he was the head of the literary journalism program at the Banff Centre for some years, and also lived in Toronto. If you Google him, you'll see he's written an enormous amount in his life, from novels to reviews and non fiction too.

I'm interested in something that came up in earlier comments about how reading is an expression of the individual - I loved how the documentary explored how that notion of freedom to read and interpret actually represented a real revolution in human history - at one time, we did not have that freedom, the texts were interpreted in one way only, and anyone who deviated was a threat. Yet people did it anyway - that's why a monk's seemingly simple poem about a white cat, in the margins of a manuscript, signals a profound turning point. That someone dared to scribble their own thoughts - a really big deal back then!

February 5, 2010 | Registered CommenterMoira Farr

The fact that so many people can't read in Canada is quite surprising indeed. I never thought that Canadians had so much problems reading since our education system is pretty good. Well, I suppose that isn't exactly true either. I've heard from a lot of people that countries overseas have a much better education system that we do here in Canada.

February 11, 2010 | Registered CommenterKyra Belanger-theil

I have actually heard the same, Kyra.

There are so many reasons, too, why Canadians (and others in developed countries) have troubles reading. It's unfortunate that we haven't found some way to better cope with illiteracy; it is even surprising that more effort has not been put forth to try and find a way to deal with it, other than returning illiterate individuals to the education system that, possibly, failed them before.

February 15, 2010 | Registered CommenterKrystal Roy

I often find myself wondering how people manage to slip through the cracks with literacy in this day and age. I can understand in past generations where there were two streams of education, academic and trades high schools. Maybe in a trade high school, where you're groomed to go to work as a builder or a mechanic, they let things like tests and such slip. Maybe it's possible to pass purely on practical exams. At the time, they thought they were doing these students a favor. So they were never going to be doctors or lawyers, that's fine. We're always going to need carpenters and mechanics! Those guys don't need to read, just know how to take measurements or be knowledgeable about which part goes where.

I think at times, the focus shifts? It's hard to group people into just two piles. The can-dos and the can't-dos. Sadly, I think it happens though. I'm glad that there are adult high schools though, where people can go to catch up or learn. People really should be life-long learners and it's better to start late than never at all.

February 18, 2010 | Registered CommenterKristen Nelson

I've decided to reply to some of your questions too Moira, even though this wasn't my discussion topic.

1) As a child I remember going to the library a lot with my mom. She was always reading. To this day her bedside table is stacked with books she's halfway through (that's probably where I get it from). I also remember my dad reading me his favourite childhood stories like stories by Thornton W Burgess and The Arabian Nights. These days I go to the library maybe twice a month? I am constantly trying to check off books on my reading list and I frequently order them through the Ottawa Public Library system - a great system where you can find tons of books.

2) I don't remember the day I realized I could read but I remember certain books from kindergarten and first grade. I loved this one and for the life of me I can't think of what it's called, but if I did I would by it immediately. I think I used to make my mom take videos of me reading off this list of cut out words like "their", "it", "we", "can", "run", all practice for a spelling test. Ah the simplicity!

February 18, 2010 | Registered CommenterMaggie McPhail

First, libraries will never die. Although writing is dying medium, its power lies in its past. Writing and reading, in different forms, has been around since ancient times. It has evolved over the toughest of times and will continue to do so. With the introduction of the e-book and being able to purchase and print books right before you step on the plane will be a huge step for literature. So, don’t worry civilization will live on.

Libraries are very important, especially to the younger population. I remember my first time going to the library and realizing that all the books and movies were free. Having been taught that nothing in life is free; it took me a number of trips to the library to wrap my head around the idea that I could walk out the building with a stack of books at no cost. After checking out teenage mutant ninja turtles my first four or five trips, I decided to start looking at books and magazines. As I grew up and started needing the library, I began doing research assignments and scheduling meetings there. There were never any books that I bonded with; however, it the act of actually going to the library is what sticks with me most.

At 13 my small town opened a brand new public library, over five times the size of our previous one. It truly is one of the great buildings in a city filled with useless businesses. When I moved just outside the city limits five years ago I really felt the pinch of not having a library nearby. Unfortunately, the library’s policy is that if you do not live in the city you cannot obtain a library card for free. Since I lived out of town anyway I never got a new card and haven’t been back in years. As much as I miss going there, I get the feeling of I only knew what I had when I lost it.

Learning to read came easily to me, since my dad would almost always take me with him to the library when I was an infant. He told I would sleep under the table while he did research. Having my parents read to me really paid off as I won two public speaking contests as a young student. I felt like I understood the world better because of my reading abilities. Isn’t that the magic of reading, the fact that is enables you to do so many other things? Just think about how often you read and how many different things reading allows you to do. If you made a list of all those things you would be amazed. In terms of the movie, it made me appreciate how hard life must be for people with learning disabilities. Also, it amazed me how many people in North America can’t read. For whatever reason, I just can’t imagine life without it.

March 4, 2010 | Registered CommenterShaun McDonald